Lesson 3 - ENERGY EXPLORERS

To provide students with hands-on, shared experiences of ways in which heat is produced.

• Source: http://www.scootle.edu.au/ec/viewing/S7154/Heating-up-2013/lesson_3.html

• sort pictures into three groups according to how they produce heat
• find objects and items to include in the groups.

The Explore phase is designed to provide students with hands-on experiences of the science phenomenon. Students explore ideas, collect evidence, discuss their observations and keep records, such as science journal entries. The Explore phase ensures all students have a shared experience that can be discussed and explained in the Explain phase.

Formative assessment is an ongoing aspect of the Explore phase. It involves monitoring students’ developing understanding and giving feedback that extends their learning. In this lesson you will monitor students’ developing understanding of:

• how heat can be produced in many ways.

Students will be able to:

• identify three of the ways in which heat can be produced
• classify heat sources according to how they produce heat.

Students will be able to:

• contribute to discussions about some ways in which heat is produced
• use questions to agree and disagree with teams’ claims.

This lesson also provides opportunities to monitor the development of students’ general capabilities (highlighted through icons).

Energy can take on many forms and can change from one form to another. Many different types of energy can be converted into heat energy; light, electrical, kinetic, chemical, mechanical, nuclear and sound energy can cause a substance to heat up by increasing the speed of its molecules. In this unit, students will be looking at the following three types of energy that produce heat:

Electrical energy is converted into heat (thermal energy) when you use objects such as electric blankets, electric stove elements, toasters, hair dryers or light bulbs.

All moving things have kinetic energy. It is energy possessed by an object due to its motion or movement. The heavier a thing is and the faster it moves the more kinetic energy it has.

Energy from friction creates heat. For example, when you rub your hands, sharpen a pencil, make a skid mark with your bike or use the brakes on your car, friction generates heat.

Chemical energy is energy stored in atoms and molecules. Chemical energy is released in a chemical reaction, often in the form of heat. Examples of stored chemical energy include matches, batteries, petroleum, natural gas and dry wood. As each of these burns, they release chemical energy which is converted to thermal energy (heat) and light energy. For example, a match has chemical energy stored in it. When the match is struck, it burns and the chemical in it produces heat energy and light energy.

CoolCosmos: What is heat? http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/light_lessons/thermal/heat.html [Opens new Window]

FOR THE CLASS

• class science journal
• word wall
• team roles chart
• team skills chart
• ‘Heat collection’ board from Lesson 2, Session 2
• 1 enlarged copy of ‘Warming ways’ (Resource sheet 3)
• objects, photos or pictures of heat sources (see ‘Preparation)

FOR EACH TEAM

• role wristbands or badges for Director, Manager and Speaker
• each team member’s science journal
• 1 copy of ‘Warming ways’ (Resource sheet 3) per team member

Collect objects, photos or pictures of heat sources that use:

• electricity, such as a hairdryer, heater, toaster, sandwich maker
• chemicals (burning), such as a tea candle, fire, gas heater, cigarette lighter
• friction, such as a pencil sharpener, hands rubbing together, sandpaper, skid mark from a bike, using the brakes on a car.

Optional: Display ‘Warming ways’ (Resource sheet 3) on an interactive whiteboard. Check the PrimaryConnections website to see if an accompanying interactive resource has been developed: www.primaryconnections.org.au [Opens new Window]

Due to despair approaching the suicidal, no further comments offered about the rest…

1. Review the previous lesson using the class science journal. Discuss objects that are heat producers. Compare them with things that are heated by something else.
2. Ask students to place the photo or drawing that they have brought from home on the ‘Heat collection’ board in the appropriate column. Discuss items with the class. Discuss the amount of heat it produces and whether it is a heat producer or heated by something else. Compare this with the T-chart from Lesson 2, Session 1, and note similarities and differences. Discuss how there are many different types of heat sources.
3. Introduce the enlarged copy of ‘Warming ways’ (Resource sheet 3). Explain that students will be working in collaborative learning teams to individually cut out and then sort the pictures into three groups according to what they think each uses to produce heat. Ask students to paste the pictures into their science journals, putting each group on a separate page, and pasting the title for the group at the top of the page.
4. Explain that each team will then find other things from the collection of objects and pictures, including those brought from home, of other items that might go in each group (see ‘Preparation’). Ask students to write or draw each item that they find onto the page of the group that they think it belongs to.
5. Personal and social competenceForm teams and ask Managers to collect team equipment. Allow time for teams to complete the activity.
6. Personal and social competence / Formative assessmentAsk Speakers to present their team’s findings, providing reasons for their choices. Encourage students to agree or disagree with each team using the ‘Science question starters’ (see Appendix 5).
7. Ask teams questions, such as:
   1. What did you use to help you decide how to make your groups?
   2. Was there any object that you weren’t sure of which group to put it in? Why?

- Revise the ‘Our questions about heat’ page in the class science journal. Add any new questions that students might have. - Update the word wall with words and images.

Work sample of heat sources that use electricity

Click on the graphic to download the resource sheet.

Resource sheet 3 - Warming ways